Analysis of changes in the composition of beech as an important industrial raw material in Hungary

Szakálosné Mátyás, Katalin és Horváth, Attila László (2024) Analysis of changes in the composition of beech as an important industrial raw material in Hungary. In: 11TH HARDWOOD CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS : Sopron, Hungary, 30-31 May 2024. Hardwood conference proceedings . Soproni Egyetem Kiadó, Sopron, pp. 183-186. ISBN 9789633345184

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Absztrakt (kivonat)

We see and feel the impact of climate change, and global warming and weather extremes are now making their impact felt in the original ecosystem and on the health of tree stands, growth and yield rhythm. The Beech tree species is also extremely sensitive to the place of growth, it is not without reason that the climate zone in the forestry climate classification, the coolest, most demanding of precipitation, located at the highest altitude above sea level, is characterized by the beech climate. He showed that this climate zone is moving higher and higher in our high mountains, but when the tree species is 100-150 years old, it cannot follow this so quickly. Due to the renewal, the bringing of newness, the frequent acorn harvest, it can be deceptive at first that everything is in order, but it is doubtful that our newly renovated beech trees will even be worth 100 years in their place of production. Beech trees have had a tendency for pseudo-aging for centuries, the development of which is disputed, there are several views and no exact explanation has been established, but it is certain that healthy pseudo-aging does not actually cause any mechanical or quality problems, with the exception of starshaped pseudo-aging, which is easily associated with gut rot, or It leads to. The valuable industrial raw material can be selected from the extracted beech trunks and branches from the lower third part of the trunk, since there are the diameter sizes that are standard/usual for the sheet metal industry (slicing, peeling) as well as saw logs and timber. in the case of selections. In addition to quantitative requirements, there are also strict quality requirements regarding spatial curvature, skylights, false gestures, etc.). Unfortunately, we see that these are increasingly not given, so the proportions shift from valuable industrial wood to firewood, fiber wood, and chipboard. In this research, we have tried to explore the development of the assortment structure over the past decades, to see where it is changing and moving, since it is quite possible to draw conclusions from it, and perhaps to think along the lines of trends in terms of future possibilities as well. Of course, market expectations can also influence the selection structure (e.g. firewood program), but these effects are only temporary and not tendentious, so they can be filtered out.

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